Second-Best Congestion Pricing in Urban Space: Cordon Pricing and Its Alternatives

Second-Best Congestion Pricing in General Networks

This paper considers the second-best problem where not all links of a congested transportation network can be tolled. The paper builds on earlier work, in which the secondbest tax rule for this problem was derived for general static networks, so that the solution presented is valid for any graph of the network, and for any set of tolling points available on that network. An algorithm is present...

Urban Vehicle Congestion Pricing: A Review

Drivers in urban neighborhoods who cruise streets, seeking inexpensive on-street parking create a significant fraction of measured traffic congestion. The solution to this problem is to reduce the total traffic volume including cruising traffic by implementing a congestion pricing scheme: the imposition of a usage fee on a limited-capacity resource during times of high demand. We review the his...

Pricing Urban Congestion

This paper reviews literature on the optimal design of pricing policies to reduce urban automobile congestion. The implications of a range of complicating factors are considered, such as traffic bottlenecks, constraints on which roads and freeway lanes in the road network can be priced, driver heterogeneity, private toll operators, other externalities besides congestion, and interactions betwee...

Second-best Congestion Pricing Schemes in the Monocentric City

This paper considers second-best congestion pricing in the monocentric city, with endogenous residential density and endogenous labour supply. A spatial general equilibrium model is developed that allows consideration of the three-way interactions between urban density, traffic congestion and labour supply. Congestion pricing schemes are analyzed that are second-best ‘by design’ (and not becaus...

Alleviating Traffic Congestion: Alternatives to Road Pricing